HVACopediaRefrigerant data
Data sheet for every refrigerant: pressures, safety, GWP, oil, uses.
Refrigerant data sheet
Pick a refrigerant to see its data sheet and P/T chart.
R-410AR-32 / R-125R-22ChlorodifluoromethaneR-134aTetrafluoroethaneR-404AR-125 / R-143a / R-134aR-407CR-32 / R-125 / R-134aR-32DifluoromethaneR-454BR-32 / R-1234yfR-448AR-32 / R-125 / R-134a / R-1234ze(E) / R-1234yfR-449AR-32 / R-125 / R-1234yf / R-134aR-507AR-125 / R-143aR-290PropaneR-600aIsobutaneR-744Carbon dioxideR-717AmmoniaR-12DichlorodifluoromethaneR-11TrichlorofluoromethaneR-123DichlorotrifluoroethaneR-23TrifluoromethaneR-125PentafluoroethaneR-143aTrifluoroethaneR-152aDifluoroethaneR-245faPentafluoropropaneR-1233zd(E)ChlorotrifluoropropeneR-1234yfTetrafluoropropeneR-1234ze(E)trans-TetrafluoropropeneR-170EthaneR-600ButaneR-1270PropyleneR-401AR-22 / R-152a / R-124R-401BR-22 / R-152a / R-124R-407AR-32 / R-125 / R-134aR-407FR-32 / R-125 / R-134aR-408AR-125 / R-143a / R-22R-409AR-22 / R-124 / R-142bR-417AR-125 / R-134a / R-600R-422AR-125 / R-134a / R-600aR-422DR-125 / R-134a / R-600aR-427AR-32 / R-125 / R-143a / R-134aR-450AR-134a / R-1234ze(E)R-452AR-32 / R-125 / R-1234yfR-452BR-32 / R-125 / R-1234yfR-454AR-32 / R-1234yfR-454CR-32 / R-1234yfR-455AR-32 / R-1234yf / R-744R-500R-12 / R-152aR-502R-22 / R-115R-508BR-23 / R-116R-513AR-1234yf / R-134a
All refrigerants at a glance
| Refrigerant | Type | Safety | GWP | Boils at (°F) | Low side (psig) | High side (psig) | Old colour | Oil |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-11 | CFC | A1 | 4,750 | 74.7 | V 24.0 | 3.6 | Orange | Mineral / AB |
| R-12 | CFC | A1 | 10,900 | -21.6 | 11.7 | 93.2 | White | Mineral / AB |
| R-22 | HCFC | A1 | 1,810 | -41.5 | 28.3 | 158 | Light green | Mineral / AB (POE in retrofits) |
| R-23 | HFC | A1 | 14,800 | -115.6 | 221 | – | Light blue-gray | POE |
| R-32 | HFC | A2L | 675 | -61 | 56.1 | 265 | Light blue-green | POE (PVE in some) |
| R-123 | HCFC | B1 | 77 | 82.1 | V 25.2 | 1.2 | Light blue-gray | Mineral / AB |
| R-125 | HFC | A1 | 3,500 | -54.6 | 44.0 | 213 | Medium brown | POE |
| R-134a | HFC | A1 | 1,430 | -14.9 | 9.1 | 97.0 | Light blue | POE (PAG in car A/C) |
| R-143a | HFC | A2L | 4,470 | -53 | 40.0 | 193 | – | POE |
| R-152a | HFC | A2 | 124 | -11.2 | 6.9 | 85.4 | – | POE / Mineral |
| R-170 | Natural (hydrocarbon) | A3 | 6 | -127.4 | 222 | – | – | Mineral / POE |
| R-245fa | HFC | B1 | 1,030 | 59.1 | V 22.4 | 11.1 | Maroon | POE |
| R-290 | Natural (hydrocarbon) | A3 | 3 | -43.8 | 27.6 | 142 | – | Mineral / POE / AB |
| R-401A | HCFC blend | A1 | 1,182 | -27.5 | 9.8 | 114 | Coral | AB / POE |
| R-401B | HCFC blend | A1 | 1,288 | -30.4 | 11.9 | 122 | Mustard | AB / POE |
| R-404A | HFC blend | A1 | 3,922 | -51.2 | 37.7 | 193 | Orange | POE |
| R-407A | HFC blend | A1 | 2,107 | -49 | 26.9 | 193 | Lime green | POE |
| R-407C | HFC blend | A1 | 1,774 | -46.5 | 23.5 | 182 | Brown | POE |
| R-407F | HFC blend | A1 | 1,824 | -50.9 | 28.9 | 202 | Green-yellow-white | POE |
| R-408A | HCFC blend | A1 | 3,152 | -47.6 | 33.6 | 176 | Medium purple | AB / POE |
| R-409A | HCFC blend | A1 | 1,585 | -29.7 | 8.7 | 118 | Medium brown | AB / POE |
| R-410A | HFC blend | A1 | 2,088 | -60.6 | 54.9 | 259 | Rose | POE |
| R-417A | HFC blend | A1 | 2,346 | -38.4 | 19.1 | 149 | Green | POE (mineral tolerated) |
| R-422A | HFC blend | A1 | 3,143 | -52.1 | 36.2 | 197 | Yellow-orange | POE |
| R-422D | HFC blend | A1 | 2,729 | -46.1 | 25.9 | 173 | Green-yellow | POE |
| R-427A | HFC blend | A1 | 2,138 | -45.4 | 22.6 | 175 | Jungle green | POE |
| R-448A | HFO/HFC blend | A1 | 1,387 | -51.1 | 28.3 | 199 | Gentian blue | POE |
| R-449A | HFO/HFC blend | A1 | 1,397 | -50.6 | 28.4 | 196 | Grayish blue | POE |
| R-450A | HFO/HFC blend | A1 | 604 | -10.5 | 6.1 | 85.1 | Sapphire blue | POE |
| R-452A | HFO/HFC blend | A1 | 2,140 | -52.5 | 33.1 | 201 | Metallic blue | POE |
| R-452B | HFO/HFC blend | A2L | 698 | -59.6 | 50.1 | 249 | – | POE |
| R-454A | HFO/HFC blend | A2L | 239 | -54.6 | 30.6 | 208 | – | POE |
| R-454B | HFO/HFC blend | A2L | 466 | -59.3 | 49.1 | 247 | – | POE |
| R-454C | HFO/HFC blend | A2L | 148 | -49.7 | 22.8 | 179 | – | POE |
| R-455A | HFO/HFC blend | A2L | 148 | -61.9 | 25.4 | 212 | Sea foam green | POE |
| R-500 | CFC blend | A1 | 8,077 | -29.1 | 16.9 | 114 | Yellow | Mineral / AB |
| R-502 | CFC/HCFC blend | A1 | 4,657 | -48.6 | 34.0 | 172 | Lavender | Mineral / AB |
| R-507A | HFC blend (azeotrope) | A1 | 3,985 | -52.1 | 40.0 | 197 | Teal | POE |
| R-508B | HFC blend | A1 | 13,396 | -125.8 | 259 | – | Navy | POE |
| R-513A | HFO/HFC blend | A1 | 631 | -21 | 12.2 | 104 | Sky blue | POE |
| R-600 | Natural (hydrocarbon) | A3 | 4 | 31.1 | V 13.2 | 26.4 | – | Mineral |
| R-600a | Natural (hydrocarbon) | A3 | 3 | 10.9 | V 3.7 | 44.0 | – | Mineral / POE |
| R-717 | Natural | B2L | 0 | -28 | 19.5 | 155 | Silver | Mineral / PAO |
| R-744 | Natural | A1 | 1 | -126.5 | 318 | – | – | POE / PAG / PAO |
| R-1233zd(E) | HFO | A1 | 1 | 64.6 | V 22.8 | 7.8 | – | POE / Mineral |
| R-1234yf | HFO | A2L | 4 | -21 | 11.9 | 99.0 | – | PAG (car A/C) / POE |
| R-1234ze(E) | HFO | A2L | 6 | -2.2 | 2.7 | 69.2 | – | POE |
| R-1270 | Natural (hydrocarbon) | A3 | 2 | -53.7 | 38.0 | 175 | – | Mineral / POE |
Low side = 5 °F evaporating (dew), high side = 86 °F condensing (bubble). V = vacuum in inches of mercury. Pick a refrigerant above for the full data sheet.
Reading the safety class
- The letter is toxicity: A is lower toxicity (no effect at 400 ppm or less), B is higher toxicity.
- The number is flammability: 1 does not burn, 2L burns weakly and slowly, 2 is mildly flammable, 3 is highly flammable.
- A2L and A3 refrigerants are flammable. Do not use halide torches or spark-producing detectors where they may be present.
Oil rules
- HFC refrigerants (R-134a, R-404A, R-407C, R-410A, R-507A) need POE oil. Mineral oil does not mix with them.
- POE and PAG pull moisture out of the air. Keep the container sealed and buy small cans.
- PAG is for car A/C only. It does not suit aluminium-piston or steel-cylinder compressors, and chlorine contamination ruins it.
- Freezers (refrigerant at 0 to 5 °F) need oil with a pour point of −20 °F or lower. Low-temperature commercial freezers (−50 °F) need −60 °F.
- Oil that measures at least 25,000 V in a dielectric test is acceptably dry.
Handling rules
- Blends (the 400 series) must be charged as liquid, or the mix changes. Pure refrigerants and azeotropes can be charged as vapour.
- Never mix your own blend of refrigerants.
- R-410A runs 40 to 70% higher pressure than R-22. Use gauges and hoses rated 800 psi and recovery cylinders rated 400 psi. Filter-driers should be rated 600 psi or higher, and the evaporator 235 psi.
- An R-410A metering device is about 10 to 15% smaller than an R-22 one. Changing R-22 equipment over to R-410A is not a drop-in swap: ask the manufacturer.
- Skin-temperature shortcuts: refrigerant in an evaporator is roughly 8 to 12 °F colder than the coil surface while the unit runs. In an air-cooled condenser the refrigerant is roughly 30 to 35 °F above the ambient air (an older rule of thumb), and in a water-cooled one about 20 °F above the leaving water.
Refrigerant numbers
- 400 series: blends that change composition as they boil (zeotropes). 500 series: blends that act like a single fluid (azeotropes).
- 700 series: inorganic. The last two digits are the molecular weight, so R-717 is ammonia (weight 17), R-744 is CO₂ (weight 44).
- 1000 series: unsaturated (HFO) refrigerants such as R-1234yf.
- A letter after a 400-series number (R-421A, R-421B) means the same ingredients in a different ratio.
Take it with you
All of these tables, plus the calculators, are in the HVACopedia app, offline.
Calculation aids and reference figures for licensed technicians. Always follow the manufacturer’s data plate and manual for the exact model, and local codes. Gas, electrical and refrigerant work must be done by a qualified, licensed person. Pressures are typical saturation values and change with load and airflow.